Microservice Tech
Critical Security Control

Implement Secure
Secret Management

Hardcoded secrets are the #1 cause of credential leaks. Implement proper secret management to protect API keys, database passwords, and certificates.

The Danger of Hardcoded Secrets

Leaked credentials are the fastest path to a data breach

10,000+
Daily Secret Leaks

GitHub alone detects over 10,000 leaked secrets committed to repositories every single day

#1
Breach Cause

Hardcoded secrets in code or config files are the leading cause of credential theft

Minutes
Time to Exploit

Automated bots scan for and exploit leaked credentials within minutes of exposure

Secret Management Solutions

Choose the right tool for your infrastructure

HashiCorp Vault

Best for: Self-hosted, multi-cloud

  • Dynamic secrets
  • Secret rotation
  • Encryption as a service
  • Audit logging

Cost: Free (OSS) / Enterprise

AWS Secrets Manager

Best for: AWS-native workloads

  • Automatic rotation
  • RDS integration
  • Lambda integration
  • Cross-account access

Cost: $0.40/secret/month

Azure Key Vault

Best for: Azure-native workloads

  • HSM-backed keys
  • Certificate management
  • Managed identities
  • RBAC integration

Cost: $0.03/10k operations

Implementation Steps

1

Audit Current Secrets

Find all hardcoded secrets in your codebase and infrastructure

  • Scan Git history for leaked secrets (use tools like truffleHog, gitleaks)
  • Search code for patterns: API keys, passwords, tokens
  • Document all secrets: databases, APIs, certificates, encryption keys
2

Choose & Deploy Secret Manager

Set up your chosen secret management solution

  • Deploy Vault cluster or provision cloud secret manager
  • Configure authentication (IAM roles, service principals, etc.)
  • Set up secret rotation policies
  • Enable audit logging
3

Migrate Secrets

Move secrets from code to secret manager

  • Upload secrets to secret manager with proper naming conventions
  • Update applications to fetch secrets at runtime
  • Test thoroughly in staging environment
  • Remove hardcoded secrets from code (rotate them first!)
4

Enforce Policy

Prevent new secrets from being hardcoded

  • Add pre-commit hooks to block secrets in commits
  • Enable secret scanning in CI/CD pipelines
  • Train developers on secret management practices
  • Regular audits: quarterly scans for leaked secrets

Best Practices

Use Short-Lived Secrets

Generate dynamic credentials that expire automatically. Reduces blast radius if compromised.

Rotate Secrets Regularly

Automate rotation every 30-90 days. Never use the same secret indefinitely.

Principle of Least Privilege

Grant applications access only to the secrets they need. No shared credentials.

Audit Secret Access

Log all secret retrievals. Alert on unusual access patterns.

Encrypt Secrets at Rest

Use encryption keys separate from the secrets themselves (envelope encryption).

Never Log Secrets

Ensure secrets never appear in application logs, error messages, or debug output.

Need Help with Secret Management?

Our security experts can audit your current secret management practices and implement a secure solution.